The starting point ofany space design is human vision. The human eye instinctively turns to the mostdistinctive objects in its field of vision, noting in particular the contrastbetween light and shade in space. Lighting designers need to understand therequirements of decoration and architects for space vision, enhance the charmof lighting in space, thus giving space rich visual hierarchy needs.
Office space usually needs relatively uniform light distribution,providing comfortable and soft light to serve people's work. The two mostcommon lighting methods are direct lighting and indirect lighting.
◆DIRECT LIGHTING◆
Direct lighting is the easiest way to satisfy the illumination ofthe space. The light evenly covers the horizontal areas such as our work table,conference table and ground. It is an economical and affordable way oflighting.
Take one of the most common examples: the smallpox height is 2.8meters, and the embedded T5 fluorescent lamp disc is 3 *14W. The distancebetween the centers of the lamps is 2.4m x 2.4m, which meets the uniformillumination of the desktop of 300Lx. The advantage of this lighting techniqueis that it consumes less electricity to provide more light.
Everything has its advantages and disadvantages, and direct lightingis no exception. Because the main direction of its light is directly from thetop to the bottom, it is easy to produce a dark ceiling, bright desktop spacecave feeling. Moreover, the lamps itself has a high brightness, so it is easyto produce strong reflective spot on the computer display, which is called "lightscreen reflective glare". Working in this environment for a long time caneasily lead to visual fatigue. Therefore, we generally only use this method inmiddle and low-end office areas.
When we know the advantages and disadvantages of direct lighting, wecan adopt corresponding solutions: using translucent materials such as acrylicplate or parabolic metal grids to reduce the brightness of the lamp. Flexiblyadjust the relative position between the installation point of the lamp and thedisplay, so as to reduce the probability of glare.
The following illustrative photograph is to use this remedy, at thesame time, make use of appropriate spatial illumination contrast, with spacematerial, to create a "hard, cool" industrial office space sensesuitable for the design studio.
◆Indirect lighting◆
When designing space for high-end enterprise offices, customersprefer to adopt a more lively space environment and create a relaxedenvironment
The best working environment, of course, is to work under uniformnatural light. Usually, we will use a lamp groove to illuminate the skyline ofsmallpox, forming a sense of simulated natural light. With the brightness ofthe ceiling, the space is no longer too simple, with certain decorativelighting effect and good visual feeling. However, the conventional frame lampgroove can only provide about 50Lx of illumination, and the light of the lampgroove can not illuminate the center of the ceiling. The office space requiredfor 300Lx illumination is usually slightly insufficient. Additional lights areneeded to illuminate the space.
We can assign the task of indirect lighting to hoisting indirectlighting lamps. It is also the gist of simulating the indirect lighting methodof lamp trough. 90%~100% of the lights are illuminated to the smallpox. Throughthe smallpox, the second reflection can be made, and the space lighting can bemore uniform. Unlike the lamp trough, we can arrange the lamps at will, and usethe lattice arrangement or the linear array arrangement to form a more orderlyceiling space.
Figure: The indirect lamps arranged in line form perfectly form thespace feeling of "heaven is above" and the height of space is"elevated".
We call this illumination method "indirect illumination"and use it to deal with space and provide a soft light environment so that wecan concentrate on our work and control the reflective glare on the screen. Atthe same time, the installation of lamps and lanterns is less disturbed by theinternal structure of smallpox, and it is much more convenient to install.
The disadvantage of indirect lighting is that it is easy to over lightindoor ceiling lighting and produce a sense of primary and secondaryindiscriminate lighting. At the same time, because the light passes throughsecondary reflection, in order to meet the illumination requirements, we needto use more power and pay more electricity. Therefore, the design needs to beconsidered according to the actual situation.
◆Semi-indirectlighting◆
Here, you may ask: in the space design of this kind of space, canfunction and decoration be "both fish and bear's paw"? The answer isyes!
Introduce to you alighting method : Semi-indirect light. It absorbs the space functionrequirement of indirect lighting and meets our work lighting needs, At the sametime, it can realize the second definition of space, showing the wide space andbetter integration of heaven and earth. Semi-indirect lighting combines theadvantages of both direct and indirect lighting, and is worthy of wideapplication in open office, independent office and residential study.
Figure: Light forms a form of harmony between the sky and the earthin space -- "both fish and bear's paw"!
Semi-indirectlighting method can maintain the appropriate brightness ratio of space,especially suitable for use in common open office areas.
In the selection of semi-indirect lighting fixtures, we shouldconsider the glare control of the light, so as to reduce the discomfort of theglare above the user's head. With efficient and energy-saving light sources andlamps, light distribution control through corresponding optical devices caneffectively eliminate the reflective glare of the screen, and can not produceexcessive shadows on the body performance of the object.
In terms of energy saving, semi-indirect lighting is between directlighting and indirect lighting. The relationship between the power andillumination of these lamps is different from the common experience value,which requires the guidance of a professional manufacturer.
In addition, it is worth noting that indirect lighting andsemi-indirect lighting require a higher space height, and generally require aceiling height of more than 3 meters to meet the full diffusion of indirectlighting light.
图：三种照明方式的比较Figure: Comparison of three lighting modes
Figure: Professional semi-indirect lighting gives people aprofessional and stable sense of space. Linear semi-indirect lighting is easyto create space inspiration.
Next, we use some case effects to illustrate semi-indirect lighting:
Case effect 1:
Left : Professional semi-indirect lighting makes people feelcomfortable in space.
Right : Only the space of direct illumination lamp panel isused. The ceiling is darker and the space contrast is larger.
◆Summary◆
As far as direct lighting, indirect lighting and semi-indirectlighting are concerned, they will form different spatial light-darkrelationship, and there is no absolute good or bad. The essence of contrastbetween light and shade in space is not a criterion for judging right andwrong. The key is to use it according to customer needs, space needs andusers'personal feelings. Combining with the rigorous calculation ofprofessional manufacturers, the most suitable lighting methods and products areobtained.
